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  Introduction Railway signalling is a critical component ensuring the safe and efficient operation of rail networks. Among the various systems that contribute to railway safety, interlocking systems play a crucial role by preventing conflicting train movements. Verification and Validation in Interlocking Systems are essential to maintaining reliability, safety, and compliance with international standards. Additionally, the Institution of Railway Signal Engineers (IRSE) licenses provide professionals with the necessary credentials to design and implement these systems effectively. This article explores the significance of V&V in interlocking systems, IRSE licensing in railway signalling, electronic interlocking systems in railways, and the landscape of Indian railway signalling systems. Verification and Validation in Interlocking Systems Verification and Validation in Interlocking Systems Verification and validation (V&V) in railway interlocking systems ensure that the sys...